Registered Investment Adviser. In the US, many RIAs file Form ADV and can be checked through public databases.

A high-net-worth banking and investment relationship, often with lending, custody, planning and cross-border services.

Assets under management. A size metric that does not automatically mean better advice.

A firm can use third-party products instead of only proprietary funds.

The adviser or manager can make portfolio decisions within an agreed mandate.

Investments not traded on public exchanges, often less liquid and more complex.

A methodology framework for evaluating wealth managers across client experience, investment process, transparency, digital infrastructure, product breadth and specialist capability.

A client review that would need proof of relationship or controlled invitation workflow.

A commercial use of an award badge after judging; it must not affect award results.

One hundredth of a percentage point. 100 basis points equals 1 percentage point.

A measure of bond-price sensitivity to changes in interest rates.

The extra yield a borrower pays over a benchmark government bond, often used as a risk signal.

Exchange-traded fund. A pooled investment vehicle that trades on an exchange.

The market value of a public-company equity: share price multiplied by shares outstanding.